en jalali 1402 2 1 gregorian 2023 5 1 8 2 online 1 fulltext

en some studies have suggested that vitamin C deficiency may play a role in the etiology of depression although the efficient dose and time of prescription is not clear now.  Also, it is not known which antidepressant drugs could be more efficient in augmentation with vitamins. Nowadays, due to the importance and more prevalence of psychiatric disorders, dietary supplements which would augment the effects of drugs have been taken into consideration. Moreover, dose titration of anti-depressant drugs is a lifelong challenge due to unwanted side effects Vitamin C, Ascorbic Acid, Depression 152 154 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-104-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/12 1400/4/21 2021/12/1 1400/9/10 Reza Bidaki Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; 0000-0002-5482-9143 No Mahsa Mahdavi Firoozabadi Research center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 0000-0002-9253-6720 No Mahsa Motamed Department of Psychiatry, Residence of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0001-6550-8292 Yes Sina Taherzadeh Borujeni Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatrist, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-0989-519X No Azadeh Nadjarzadeh Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 0000-0002-9740-8402 No

en T he World Health Organization, defines health literacy as cognitive and social skills increasing the motivation and ability of  individuals to acquire information to promote and maintain their health (Tugut et al., 2021). Nowadays, food literacy, as a subset of health literacy are receiving serious attention worldwide (Vamos et al., 2021). Food literacy has been defined as a vital element in improving food insecurity and increasing food knowledge and skills with the aim of improving healthy eating behavior, which leads to reducing food hygiene inequalities (Steils and Obaidalahe, 2020). coronavirus,covid-19,food literacy,iran university 155 157 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-479-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/27 1400/8/5 2021/12/12022/01/17 1400/10/27 Mousa Bamir Medical Library and Information Science, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran bamir@ut.ac.ir 0000-0002-3595-6390 Yes Salman Farahbakhsh Department of Professional Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran 0000-0001-5365-7207 No Salman Daneshi Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran; 4 Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran 0000-0002-9199-0382 No Reza Sadeghi Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran; 5 Department of Medical Emergencies, School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran. 0000-0002-5162-6316 No Hamid Jafari Department of Medical Emergencies, School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran 0000-0002-9632-4338 No

en Vitamin B12 affects and modify the function of multiple organ systems. Its deficiency may cause psychiatric symptoms in addition to hematologic, gastrointestinal, and neurologic manifestations. The present case study aims to report  a patient with vitamin B12 deficiency who coexisted with resistant and persistent depression, and experienced mania phase after the replacement of vitamin B12. For a patient with refractory and resistant depression  and evidence or a risk factor for vitamin B12 deficiency, it is required to check plasma levels and monitor psychiatric symptoms during vitamin B12 supplementation. There are some manifestations of B12 deficiency including bipolar disorder, mood lability, irritability, and psychosis due to deficiency but  we  didn’t  find  case  report  about  induce  of  psychiatric  presentation follow   correction  of  vitamin B12  deficiency Refractory depression, Bipolar disorder, Vitamin B12 deficiency 158 162 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-406-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/10 1400/4/19 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/28 1400/10/7 Valentina Artoonian Department of Psychiatry, Fellowship in Psychotherapy. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-2042-2529 No Vajiheh Aghamollaii Department of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-8472-262X No Azadeh Nadjarzadeh Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 0000-0002-9740-8402 No Reza Bidaki Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd , Iran Reza.Bidaki111@gmail.com 0000-0002-5482-9143 Yes

en It is important to use a valid and reliable tool to measure appetite in practice and clinical research. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics, reliability, and validity of the Persian version of the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ) and Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ). Methods: After assessing the content validity of CNAQ and SNAQ questionnaires by both a group of experts and participants, the reliability and validity of the Persian version of these questionnaires among 250 community-dwelling elderlies (≥ 65 years, non-hospitalized in nursing homes or hospitals) were assessed. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the appetite questionnaires and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), weight, and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated. In addition, the internal reliability of the SNAQ and CNAQ was evaluated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Factor analysis was also performed. Results: According to CNAQ, 142 (56.8%) participants and according to SNAQ, 124 (49.6%) participants had poor appetite (P = 0.0001). Both CNAQ and SNAQ were significantly associated with the MNA score (r = 0.57 and 0.64, respectively, P = 0.001). Appetite also had a significant, but moderate correlation with weight (r = 0.38 and 0.31 for CNAQ and SNAQ, respectively) and BMI (r = 0.39 and 0.36 for CNAQ and SNAQ, respectively), and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.74 for CNAQ and 0.70 for SNAQ. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated that the CNAQ and SNAQ were both constructed of one factor (appetite). Conclusions: The Iranian version of CNAQ and SNAQ are both simple and applicable tools to assess the appetite of Iranian community-dwelling older adults.   Elderly, CNAQ, SNAQ, Appetite, Reliability, Validity 163 171 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-113-5&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/2 1400/9/11 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/29 1400/10/8 Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-3806-8129 No Haniyeh Golafrouz Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-2648-5109 No Arezoo Piran Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-1997-7183 No Mohammadreza Vafa Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Vafa.m@iums.ac.ir 0000-0001-7052-8810 Yes

en Today there is an increasing demand for low-calorie and functional food products worldwide. Green tea powder (GTP) has antioxidant property due to its phenolic structure which makes it a good natural replacement for synthetic antioxidants. Stevia is a calorie-free product which can be substituted for sucrose in foods. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using GTP and stevia instead of flour and sugar, respectively, in the formulation of non-fermented layer cake. Methods: To do so, different concentrations of GTP (10, 20, 30% w/w) and stevia (40, 60, 80% w/w) were incorporated into the formulation of cake. Ten treatments were designed and the rheological properties of dough including farinograph and extensograph characteristics were measured. Three dough samples with superior rheological properties along with control sample were baked. The physicochemical and sensory properties of the selected samples were compared with those of control sample. Results: The layer cakes containing 10% GTP and 40%, 60%, and 80% stevia were selected as the superior treatments and their quality properties were compared with those of control sample. Increased concentration of stevia significantly reduced the specific volume and increased the firmness of the layer cake samples. There was no significant difference in total acceptance between the layer cakes containing GTP and stevia and control sample. Conclusion: The treatment containing 10% green tea powder and 80% stevia was selected as the superior treatment regarding the nutritional and quality properties. Green tea powder, Non-fermented layer cake, Stevia 172 179 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-230-6&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/15 1400/8/24 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/15 1400/9/24 Leila Nateghi Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran leylanateghi@yahoo.com 0000-0001-8937-8728 Yes Fatemeh Zarei Food and drug administration, Iran. No

en The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and related factors of under-nutrition among under 5-year-old children in Fars province, Iran.  Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted during 2017-2018 in Fars province of Iran. The study consisted of 606 children (0-59 months) from 13 regions of Fars province. A structured questionnaire collected the data, and under-nutrition indices, including stunting, wasting, and underweight, were investigated by the mixed-effects ordinal logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting were 2%, 4%, and 4.1%, respectively. Low birth weight was a risk factor for three undernutrition indices (P < 0.001; P < 0.001; and P = 0.004). Urban children were significantly more underweight and wasted than rural children (P = 0.001; and P = 0.002, respectively). Under-nutrition rates were impressed by the family size, mother's education, and father's occupation.  Conclusion: The prevalence of undernutrition in children can be reduced by identifying and controlling significant factors, including birth weight, maternal education, type of settlement, family size, and father's occupation. Malnutrition, Children, Multilevel models 180 188 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-367-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/2 1400/8/11 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/28 1400/10/7 Seyedeh-Masomeh Derakhshandeh-Rishehri DONALD Study Dortmund, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science (IEL), University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany 0000-0002-3936-1490 No Azam Farmani Department of Community Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran 0000-0002-6219-3624 No Mina Zarmehrparirouy School of Paramedical Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-4226-7331 No Abdolrasool Hemmati Vice Chancellor of Health Assistance, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran 0000-0002-0596-3629 No Shiva Faghih Department of Community Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran 0000-0002-0554-538X No Razieh Shenavar Department of Community Nutrition, Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shenavar.razieh@yahoo.com 0000-0002-8050-1416 Yes

en Background: The frequent conflict between nomads and farmers has been recently a major challenge in Nigeria, resulting in a huge economic setback which may have serious consequences on food security in Nigeria. There are limited studies linking to food security; hence, this study aims to examine the effect of the nomad–farmer conflict on food security among arable crop farmers in Iwajowa, Oyo State, Nigeria. Methods: Primary data was used for the study. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed to collect data from 150 arable crop farmers through a multistage sampling procedure from two wards and three villages, which were randomly selected. The food security index (FSI) and Logit regression model were used for data analysis. Results: The result revealed that the majority (74.67%) of the arable crop farmers were affected by the nomad-farmer conflict. Most of the arable crop farmers (54.00%) were food insecure. The factors that predisposed the arable crop farmers to being affected by the conflict were access to water point, land tenure system, bush burning, and years of education at different levels. Being affected by the nomad–farmer conflict caused food insecurity along with age, sex, and household size. Conclusion: It was therefore concluded that arable crop farmers in the study area were mostly affected by the nomad-conflicts that influence food insecurity. Policy measures by the government aimed at reducing the conflict between arable crop farmers and nomads should include water supply and increasing farmers’ years of education Nomad-Farmer conflict, Food security, Access to water points, Arable crop farmers 189 201 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-405-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/19 1400/5/28 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/18 1400/10/28 Ogheneruemu Obi-Egbedi Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria gheneobi@gmail.com 0000-0002-0778-7251 Yes Abiodun E. Awoyemi Department of Agricultural and Food Economics, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana. 0000-0002-3797-9174 No Alphonsus O. Ehinlomo Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria No

en Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. It is linked to genetic and environmental factors such as nutrition. Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the major pathological changes in PCOS. This study aimed to determine the relationship between IR and macronutrient intake in PCOS subgroups. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 151 women with PCOS and were divided into four groups according to the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria: A=41, B=33, C=40, and D=37, and 31 women were also in the control group and did not have this syndrome. All macronutrients were assessed with a 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results: There was a significant relationship between HOMA-IR and some dietary components  (Increased calorie in group A, increased total fat intake in group C, lower intake of unsaturated fats (PUFA and MUFA) in group D and higher intake of saturated fat (SFA) and protein intake in the control group). There was no correlation in subgroup B (ovulatory phenotype). Conclusion: Due to the significant relationship between IR and some dietary components in PCOS subtypes, it is recommended to maintain a balance in carbohydrate and fatty acids intake, and increase dietary fiber to improve health parameters in PCOS subjects. Macronutrient, PCOS, Insulin resistance 202 211 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-440-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/5 1400/9/14 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/15 1400/11/26 Mahboobe Gholami Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran 0000-0002-7930-6218 No Saeideh Ziaei Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran No Anoshirvan Kazemnejad Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran No Maryam Movahedinejad Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran maryam.movahedinezhad@ modares.ac.ir 0000-0001-9983-3077 Yes

en Herbs and spices, having antimicrobial effect, can be incorporated into edible films to extend product shelf life and to reduce the risk of microbial growth on food. Chitosan edible films have shown great promise for their application in food preservation and also are promising systems to be used as essential oils (EOs) carriers. This study aims to investigate the effect of EOs incorporation on the physical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of chitosan films. Methods: Chitosan active films incorporated with cinnamon, clove, laurel, basil, and lemongrass EOs were investigated for physical parameters of color, thickness, opacity, moisture content, and water solubility in order to study the impact of the incorporation of EOs into the chitosan matrix. The antioxidant property of films was determined based on the method of DPPH to analyze and evaluate the quality of tested films. Furthermore, antibacterial activity was carried by agar diffusion method on food spoilage bacteria of Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E.coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsiella pneumonia. Results: In general, all chitosan EOs films presented yellowish coloration, slight thicknesses, good transparency in visible light, and high wettability. Compared to other tested films, chitosan film incorporated with clove EO had the highest total phenolic content of 0.303 mg/g Gallic acid equivalent with the highest antioxidant capacity of 89.93% value. All the films exhibited antibacterial activity against the studied food spoilage bacteria except of the chitosan films incorporated with Basil and Lemongrass EOs showed no inhibitory activity against E.coli. A significant antimicrobial bacterial inhibition zone of (20 mm) was assigned for clove chitosan film against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus, Lemongrass chitosan film against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsiella pneumonia, and Basil chitosan films against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: Chitosan active films incorporated with the studied EOs assigned an effective antioxidant and antimicrobial activity to be used for active food packaging.   Antioxidant activity, Chitosan, Edible, Essential oils, Films 212 220 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-448-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/8 1400/6/17 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/10 1400/10/20 Rafan Abd-Alhadi Department of Food Science, School of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria r.abdalhadi@yahoo.com 0000-0001-9256-3289 Yes Sayah Abou-Ghorrah Department of Food Science, School of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria 0000-0002-7606-1729 No Bassam Al Oklah Department of Food Biotechnology, National Commission for Biotechnology, Damascus, Syria. No

en In 2010, food subsidy program implemented since 1979 was replaced by unconditional cash transfer (CT) in Iran. The present pre-and-post evaluation study aims to compare food security and expenditures of urban households during the implementation of food subsidy and CT programs. Methods: Using a stratified cluster sampling method, 266 households were selected from Tehran city. Data were collected in two phases: before (2009) and after (2012) implementing CT program using questionnaires including demographics; household expenditure; locally validated Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS); and three consecutive 24-hours diet recalls. Seven focus group discussions (FGDs) with women were also held. Results: After implementing CT program, the households' food and total expenditures increased and their family size decreased. Mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity increased from 19.3%, 13.3%, and 11% to 28.4%, 15.5%, and 12.5%, respectively (P<0.001). There was a significant decrease in consumption of fat and oils and sugary food groups (time effect P<0.05). The consumption of fruits, meat, and dairy products was lower in the food insecure women than in the food secure ones (group effect P<0.05). However, the food secure and insecure households behaved differently in terms of only sugar consumption (time group effect P<0.05). Based on the FGDs, relative deprivation and social gaps increased. Conclusion: Considering the reduction in welfare index, targeting poor/vulnerable groups, as well as conditional CT could be considered in Iran Food assistance, Social support, Food security, Food access. 221 233 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-464-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/7 1400/8/16 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/19 1400/11/30 Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi Research Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0001-5861-6420 No Nasrin Omidvar Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran omidvar.nasrin@gmail.com Yes AbuAli Vedadhir Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, and Fellow of the Social Health Group, Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences (IAMS), Tehran, Iran No Mohammad-Reza Khoshfetrat Research Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No Anahita Houshyar-Rad Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No Nahid Zerafati-Shoae Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, and Community Nutrition Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No Yadollah Mehrabi Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Para-Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No

en Fresh vegetables can play an important role in health and food security. This study aimed to assess the safety of the vegetable supply chain in Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic by strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted in two phases in 2021. First, in the cross-sectional study, 192 staff were randomly selected from five major centers of vegetable retail centers. Then, semi-structured interviews were done with ten stakeholders, and a SWOT analysis was completed. Results: Half of the participants had desirable hygienic practices, 39.6% had acceptable, and 8.9% had weak practice scores. The practice of participants whose educational level was BSc and above was better than that of illiterates (OR =15.38, 95% CI =1.61-14.57, P=0.01). SWOT analysis results identified a poor shelf-life of vegetables, weak technology in planting, harvesting, and distributing vegetables. Conclusion: Policymakers can utilize the practical solutions for taking action in the potential strengthening of vegetable safety in the supply chain to improve public health during the COVID-19 pandemic.   Vegetable safety, Supply chain, COVID-19 pandemic, SWOT analysis, Health policy 234 245 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-481-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/27 1400/8/5 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/25 1400/10/4 Soheyl Eskandari Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-2970-0014 No Azadeh Rashidimehr Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Lorestan 0000-0001-8935-8321 No Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0001-5861-6420 No Yeganeh Salmani Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-7264-2884 No Fatemeh Esfarjani Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran fesfarjani@hotmail.com 0000-0002-6796-5566 Yes

en Plant foods contain almost all of the essential mineral and organic nutrients for human, as well as several unique organic phytochemicals that have been linked to the promotion of good health. This study investigated the influence of traditional food processing systems on the food safety, chemical compositions, and functional properties of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L) seed flour. Methods: Fresh mature pumpkin fruits were procured from the laboratory. The pumpkin seed was divided into three different portions and subjected to traditional sand toasting, germination, and processing into flour. The samples were analyzed for proximate composition, minerals, heavy metals, vitamins, functional properties, and microbial safety. Results: The result of proximate composition analyses revealed that raw and traditionally processed pumpkin seed flour had 33.75-39.63% protein, 43.65-36.36% fat, 7.38-5.89% moisture, 4.85-6.04% ash, 1.89-2.25% fiber, and 5.94-14.49% carbohydrate. The mineral and heavy metal content were in the range of 7.17-4.13 mg/100 Iron, 117.88-221.55 mg/100 g Potassium, 7.41-9.01 mg/100 g Calcium, 45.67-55.65 mg/100 g Phosphorus, 0.89-4.67 mg/100 g Iodine, and 7.39-6.33 mg/100 g Zinc. The toxic/deleterious elements values for Hg, Pb, As, and Cd were 0.018-0.004 mg/100 g; 0.021–0.062 mg/100 g, 0.013–0.092 mg/100 g, and 0.0011-0.0051 mg/100 g, respectively.  Cyanide, Nitrate, Phytate, and Oxalate contents of the pumpkin seed flour were 0.72-0.32 mg/100 g, 2.77–1.00 mg/100 g, 35.56–14.56 mg/100 g, and 0.073–0.030 mg/100 g, respectively. An appreciable amount of vitamins (Beta-carotene, vitamin C, and thiamine) were recorded with excellent functional properties. The microbial count was within the limit of national and international standards showing the processed pumpkin seed flour to be safe.  Conclusion: It can be concluded that subjecting pumpkin seeds to traditional processing methods enhanced their nutritional properties and food safety quality. Therefore, adopting this traditional processing approach can be used in rural community nutrition and nutrition in emergency feeding programs in developing countries.   Germination, Toasting, Traditional food system, Ant-nutritional factors, Food safety 246 256 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-486-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/272021/11/2 1400/8/11 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/252022/01/15 1400/10/25 Jasper O.G, Elechi Department of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi-Nigeria helloeljasper@gmail.com 0000-0001-5623-4189 Yes Juliana I, Sule Department of Industrial Chemistry, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola-Nigeria. 0000-0002-2088-7468 No

en Inland fisheries are considered to have the potential to reduce food insecurity and malnutrition globally. However, its contribution has been unrecognized. The study aimed to analyze the determinants of food security status among households involved and uninvolved in inland fisheries in Sekhukhune District Municipality (SDM), Limpopo Province. Methods: A total of 115 households were interviewed following snowball, purposive, and simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) were used as data analysis tools. These tools were used to obtain the socio-economic characteristics of households and the determinants of food security status. Results: A total of 72 households were identified as fishers, while 43 households were not fishers. Moreover, the results confirm that there was no significant difference in the food security status of households involved in inland fisheries and those who were not involved; however, most of them were mildly food insecure. Additionally, total household income, marital status, level of education and  type of agricultural activity determine the food security status of households involved in inland fisheries and those who were not involved. Conclusion: The integration of inland fisheries and other sectors is necessary to address household food insecurity related issues. Food security, Inland fisheries, Multinomial logistic regression 257 265 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-488-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/272021/11/22021/11/10 1400/8/19 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/252022/01/152021/12/16 1400/9/25 Jenny Potsiso Mokhaukhau University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106 Sovenga 0727 South Africa Jenmkha@gmail.com 0000-0003-1361-9251 Yes Belete Abenet Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, South Africa. Africa 0000-0002-3417-0708 No Jan Johannes Hlongwanes Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, South Africa. 0000-0001-6840-5811 No

en This study investigated the effect of exposure of enamel surfaces to dried fruit suspension including dates, raisins, and dried apricot on their micro-hardness changes. Methods: In this in vitro study, fifty enamel sections of bovine incisor teeth were mounted inside the acrylic resin so that the enamel surface would not be exposed to the acrylic. After surface polishing, the initial micro-hardness was measured by a Vickers hardness-testing machine. The samples were randomly placed into five different solutions including apricot, raisin and date suspension, citric acid (positive control) or sorbitol (negative control), 5 times a day, each time for 5 minutes, and then in artificial saliva for 60 minutes. This process was repeated for 20 days. Eventually, the final micro-hardness of the samples was measured. Micro-hardness changes between groups were compared through ANOVA and TUKEY test using SPSS 23 software with a significance level of P<0.05. Results: After exposure, the micro-hardness of the teeth was significantly reduced in all three suspensions prepared from dried fruit (P<0.05). Apricot and date had the highest and lowest effects on reducing the micro-hardness of teeth, respectively. Sorbitol solution did not have a significant effect on changing the micro-hardness of teeth (P=0.13). Conclusion: The suspension of studied fruits (apricot, raisin, date) causes a significant reduction in micro-hardness of the dental enamel surface, indicating the negative effect of frequent consumption of dried fruits over long periods of time on dental health.   Apricot, Enamel surface, Date, Dried fruits, Micro-hardness, Raisin 266 275 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-505-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/272021/11/22021/11/102021/12/9 1400/9/18 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/252022/01/152021/12/162022/01/10 1400/10/20 Fatemeh Sardar Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 0000-0001-7762-6317 No Behjatolmolouk Ajami Dental Materials Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran No Fatemeh Hassani Students Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. No Marzie Boskabady Dental Materials Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Boskabadymr@mums.ac.ir 0000-0002-5780-3109 Yes

en Shift work in services and industry is increasing in developing countries, especially industrialized ones, due to the need for a flexible workforce and to achieve maximum efficiency. Shift working can cause problems for people's health and bodily functions. This study aims to determine the relationship between dietary intake, obesity, and shift working among employees of Pasargad Petrochemical Company. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 119 employees within the age range of 25-60 years and an average body mass index (BMI) of 25.67. Their food intakes were extracted using Food Frequency Questionnaires. Data analysis was performed through STATA data analysis software. Results: 119 male participants with a mean age of 33.62 ±7.12 year were included in the study, of whom 64.7% were non-shift workers and 35.3% were shift workers. The daily calorie intake of the participants was 2864.54 ± 1184.43 kcal. Although non-shift workers consumed a higher but insignificant amount of energy, no statistical differences were found in dietary intake between shift workers and non-shift workers (P<0.05). Furthermore, multiple linear regressions regarding shift work did not have a significant effect on BMI and waist circumference. Conclusion: Although no statistically significant relationship was found between food intake and shift work, it is suggested that future studies be conducted with a larger sample size because of the importance of shift work Shift work schedule, Diet, Body mass index, Obesity, Dietary intake, 276 282 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-534-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/272021/11/22021/11/102021/12/92022/01/14 1400/10/24 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/252022/01/152021/12/162022/01/102022/03/1 1400/12/10 Mohsen Mohit Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohsen.Mohit20@yahoo.com 0000-0002-5919-2903 Yes Houri Mousavinezhad Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 0000-0003-3863-3551 No Mohammad Ali Mohsenpour Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 0000-0001-6885-1993 No Mohammad Amin Golestaneh Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran No Abbas Yousefinejad Department of Nutrition, Sarvestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarvestan, Iran. 0000-0001-8156-8324) No

en  Carnitine is necessary for allowing the long-chain fatty acids to pass the inner mitochondrial membrane to induce β -oxidation. Lack of carnitine and abnormalities of mitochondria play an important role in forming fatty deposition in the liver, and hence, developing steatohepatitis. Carnitine and acylcarnitine identified in human erythrocytes and intra-erythrocyte acetylcarnitine have a significant relationship with the plasma levels. Methods: The present study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of L-carnitine on liver function, folate and vitamin B12 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, 70 patients with T2DM were randomly assigned to either a L-carnitine (CG) and a placebo group (PG). For 12 weeks, the first group received 1000 mg/d oral L-carnitine, whereas the second group received 1000 mg/day wheat starch as placebo. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), folate, Vitamin B12, complete blood count (CBC) including blood cells and indicators related to anemia were assessed at baseline. Results: 64 patients managed to complete the study (32 in each group). The results indicated that consumption of L-carnitine compared with placebo had no significant effect on liver enzymes, folate, vitamin B12, and CBC with differential. Conclusions:  Daily intake of 1000 mg L-carnitine for 12 weeks had no effect on liver function and anemia indicators including CBC, folate, and vitamins B12.   Carnitine, Diabetes mellitus, Liver, Vitamins, Clinical trial 283 297 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-721-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/272021/11/22021/11/102021/12/92022/01/142022/10/21 1401/7/29 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/252022/01/152021/12/162022/01/102022/03/12022/12/11 1401/9/20 Nasir Talenezhad Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran No Milad Akhlaghi Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran No Hamidreza Raeisi‐Dehkordi Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran No Sadegh Zarei Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran No Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi Department of Clinical Biochemistry,Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,Rafsanjan, Iran mozaffari.kh@gmail.com 0000-0002-3513-1778 Yes

en Dietary intake is one of the modifiable risk factors for biliary stones. In recent studies, plant protein intake is associated with a lower risk of biliary stones in comparison to animal protein intake; however, the results are contradictory. The current study aims to compare the effect of animal protein and plant protein on the formation of biliary stone in one of the gastroenterology and liver disease centers in Iran. Methods: 110 participants who had a history of biliary stone and 230 controls who were normal in terms of biliary diseases and referred to the medical center from November 2017 to October 2018 enrolled in this study. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for the nutritional assessment; moreover, demographic and anthropometric data, habitual history and comorbidities were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS software. Results: Plant protein consumption was significantly lower (P=0.03) and animal protein intake was significantly higher (P=0.02) among men in case compared to controls. Furthermore, the relationship between biliary stone disease and animal protein intake was significant in crude model for men (OR: 1.03, 95% CI=1.01-1.05). In addition, the risk of biliary stone was significantly lower in patients with higher consumption of plant protein (for women: OR: 0.94, 95% CI=0.89-0.99, for both sexes: OR: 0.96, 95%CI=0.93-0.99). Conclusion: The present study suggested that consumption of animal protein sources increased the risk of biliary stone, and intake of plant protein sources decreased the risk of biliary stone   Biliary stone, Plant protein, Animal protein 298 305 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-529-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/272021/11/22021/11/102021/12/92022/01/142022/10/212022/01/10 1400/10/20 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/252022/01/152021/12/162022/01/102022/03/12022/12/112022/03/27 1401/1/7 Kaveh Naseri Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-0511-8142 No Saeede Saadati Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No Fereshteh Pashayee-Khamene Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-5799-649X No Azita Hekmatdoost Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-1944-0052 No Hamid Asadzadeh-Aghdaei 1 Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-9382-9840 No Seyyed Reza Sobhani Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran No Mohammad Amin Shahrbaf Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No Komeil Esmaeilinejad Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No Fatemeh Hosseini-Oskuiee Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No Amir Sadeghi Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran amirsadeghimd@yahoo.com 0000-0002-9580-2676 Yes Shima Hadavi Treatment Department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran No Mohammad Nazari Student Research Committee, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran. No

en Selenium (Se) plays an important role in numerous immunological functions of human health. It has been shown that maternal Se deficiency contributes to many pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), miscarriage, and even fetal growth restriction. Due to the evidence of importance of Se in pregnancy outcomes and the inconsistency of current shreds of evidence on Se adequacy in Iranian pregnant women, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of published studies. This systematic review explored studies reporting dietary Se intake, serum or plasma Se, and Umbilical cord Se in Iranian pregnant women. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Google scholar (in English and Persian), and Persian databases, including Scientific Information Database, IranDoc, Iranian National Library, Magiran, and Regional Information Center for Science and Technology, were reviewed. Results: A total of 30 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes show an overall value of 90.09 µg/l (95% CI: 81.89, 98.29) and 75.08 µg/d (95% CI: 63.01, 87.16) for serum and dietary Se. Geographically, the lowest serum Se was in Fars and East-Azerbaijan with values of 61.97 µg/l (51.38, 72.55) and 55.12 µg/l (48.5, 61.74), respectively. Dietary intake pooled estimate showed that the lowest Se intake was in West-Azerbaijan with a value of 42.80 µg/d (95% CI: 38.95, 46.65). Conclusion: The current study shows that the overall serum and dietary intake of Se in Iranian pregnant women is acceptable. Some parts of the country need monitoring to prevent Se inadequacy and related-adverse complications in pregnant women. Iran, Pregnancy, Pregnancy complications, Selenium, Systematic review 306 324 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-437-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/272021/11/22021/11/102021/12/92022/01/142022/10/212022/01/102021/08/28 1400/6/6 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/252022/01/152021/12/162022/01/102022/03/12022/12/112022/03/272022/01/5 1400/10/15 Mojtaba Daneshvar Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-2217-4867 No Anahita Yadegari Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Iran 0000-0002-5878-8422 No Mohaddeseh Hasanzadeh Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-6880-6858 No Kurosh Djafarian Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran kdjafarian@tums.ac.ir 0000-0002-9134-7178 Yes

en The current systematic review was conducted to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D levels, bone health, and physical performance indices in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched for studies published up to June 2020, with no language limits. To determine the risk of bias, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality criteria checklist was used. Results: Eight studies that met all of the inclusion criteria were identified. All of the eligible studies had a high level of heterogeneity regarding outcome measures, study design, and the dose of vitamin D. The majority of the trials showed beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum vitamin D levels and other outcome measures in patients with SCI. Three randomized controlled trials revealed a low risk of bias, whilst other studies were rated as the  either neutral or negative risk of bias. Conclusion: This review suggests that vitamin D supplementation could improve vitamin D levels, bone health, and physical performance indices in individuals with SCI. However, due to the high level of heterogeneity, the results should be interpreted with caution. Further studies on this population should be performed to have sufficient power and a robust design to give definitive conclusions.   Spinal cord injury, Vitamin D, Systematic review. 325 339 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-462-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2021/07/122021/10/272021/07/102021/12/22021/11/152021/11/22021/08/192021/12/52021/09/82021/11/72021/10/272021/11/22021/11/102021/12/92022/01/142022/10/212022/01/102021/08/282021/09/26 1400/7/4 2021/12/12022/01/172021/12/282021/12/292021/12/152021/12/282022/01/182022/02/152022/01/102022/02/192021/12/252022/01/152021/12/162022/01/102022/03/12022/12/112022/03/272022/01/52022/02/10 1400/11/21 Hamed Mohammadi Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-2046-7356 No Karim Parastouei Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran parastouei@gmail.com 0000-0002-8087-663X Yes Hosein Rostami Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-3090-8138 No Maryam Miraghajani Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre and Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK 0000-0002-8265-0335 No Masoumeh Rafiee Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 0000-0001-6097-9183 No Abed Ghavami Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 0000-0001-6817-7812 No Anastasia Viktoria Lazaridi The Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK 0000-0002-4610-6770 No