en public specific review article <div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: Postprandial hyperglycemia is an important factor which contributes to glycemic status and complications of diabetes mellitus. This was a systematic review and meta-analysis that was conducted </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">to evaluate the overall effect of whey protein consumption on postprandial glucose, insulin, and incretin hormone responses in </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">patients with type 2 diabetes</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> mellitus (</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">T2DM</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">). </span></span></span><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched to find acute-term controlled </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">clinical trials investigating the effect of all types of whey proteins on products postprandial glucose (PPG) response as the main outcome and also insulin and incretin responses as secondary outcomes in </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">patients with </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">T2DM</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. Ten trials met the eligibility criteria. A random-effects model was used to obtain pooled effect size. </span></span></span><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: The pooled analysis of the included trials indicated a significant reduction in the mean of glucose in the area under the curve [standard mean difference (SMD)=-1.295, 95% CI: -1.878 to -0.712, <i>P</i><0.001] and also an increase in the mean of insulin, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">gastric inhibitory polypeptide</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(GIP) and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">glucagon</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‐</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">like peptide</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‐</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(SMD=0.562, 95% CI: 0.303 to 0.822, <i>P</i><0.001, SMD=0.349, 95% CI: 0.074 to 0.624, <i>P</i>=0.013 and SMD=0.439, 95% CI: 0.154 to 0.724, <i>P</i>=0.003, respectively) in participants who consumed whey protein compared with the control group. <b>Conclusion</b>: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">According to the findings, whey protein intake is effective in reducing postprandial blood glucose as well as increasing postprandial insulin and incretin levels. Thus, whey protein can be considered a strategy to</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> improve glycemic control in patients </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">with </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">T2DM</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. </span></span></span></div> Whey protein, Postprandial, Glucose, Insulin,Type 2 diabetes. 178 193 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-862-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Zahra Salimi No Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Maryam Asadi No Department of Nutrition, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran Anahita Mansoori Mansoori_anahita@yahoo.com Yes Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran