Journal of Nutrition and Food Security

en Lifestyle Changes and COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study public specific orginal article <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: COVID-19 pandemic has evidently influenced people's lifestyle, particularly their health. In this study, the authors examined the association between dietary intake and lifestyle changes, and COVID-19 infection in adults living in Bojnurd, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted on 4425 adults from Bojnurd city, Iran, regarding changes in food consumption, physical activity, sleep duration, and the history of COVID-19 infection; data were collected online using a researcher-designed questionnaire. The associations between lifestyle changes and COVID-19 infection were assessed by multivariate- adjusted logistic regression models. Results: There were significant associations between lower odds of COVID-19, increased legumes consumption (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96), and increased physical activity (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.95) during the pandemic; this was while increased intakes of refined grain (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.63), butter oil (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.73), processed meat (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.82), fast foods (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.40), honey (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.64), and coffee (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.09) were associated with higher odds of infection. Moreover, higher sleep duration (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.52), increased intake of multivitamins/minerals (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.35, 2.05), vitamin D (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.47), and vitamin C (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.26, 1.84) were significantly associated with higher odds of infection, compared to the cases with no change. Conclusion: <a name="_Hlk86779311">Increased intake of refined grain and high-fat foods may be associated with lower odds of infection</a>. However, the cross-sectional design of the present study precludes causal inferences. Corresponding Author:Shima Abdollahi <a href="https://orcid.org/orcid-search/search?searchQuery=0000-0002-2638-7448" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">View Orcid in Profile</a> You can search for this author in<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%28Shima+Abdollahi%29+AND+%28Department+of+Nutrition%2C+School+of+Public+Health%C2%AC%2C+North+Khorasan+University+of+Medical+Sciences%2C+Bojnurd%2C+Iran%29&sort="> PubMed </a>  <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=E3eJd4EAAAAJ&hl=en">  Google Scholar Profile</a></div> Diet, COVID-19, Physical activity, Sleep habit, Cross-sectional studies 619 630 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-205-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Omid Toupchian 0000-0001-5253-9663 No Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health¬, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran Sepideh Soltani 0000-0002-1591-2569 No Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Elham Hosseini-Marnani 000-0001-9539-0280 No The University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, Australia Fatemeh Eslami No Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health¬, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran Salar Poorbarat No Student Research Committee, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran Cain C. T. Clark 0000-0002-6610-4617 No Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, U.K Javad Heshmati 0000-0002-2676-0185 No Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Rezvan Rajabzadeh 0000-0001-6567-0724 No Medical School, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran. Shima Abdollahi sh.abd6864@yahoo.com 0000-0002-2638-7448 Yes Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health¬, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran