en public specific orginal article <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Ecological conditions can change infection routes and increase the risks of outbreaks. The aim of this study is risk assessment of foodborne disease outbreaks based on dispersed regional climatic and demographic variables in Yazd Province, Iran. <b>Methods:</b> In this cross-sectional study, data of temporal climatic parameters and regional demographic factors linked to bacterial foodborne diseases were addressed. A multi-level regression analysis model was used to detect associations between the risk of outbreaks and ecological risk factors; the relationships were verified using (<i>P</i><0.05). <b>Results:</b> Significant associations were observed between the outbreaks and age )<i>P</i><0.001(, community type<i></i>(<i>P</i><0.001), temperature (<i>P</i>=</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">0.04)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, rainfall (<i>P</i>=0.03) and dust pollution (<i>P</i><0.001) in scattered parts of the province. The maximum rate of outbreaks was seen in spring, while the frequency of the outbreaks increased during April and October, compared to other months of the year (2012&ndash;2016). <b>Conclusion</b>: Consequences have revealed interventions of the environmental exposures in transmissions of microbial agents by complex ecological processes that caused the outbreaks.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span> Climate, Environment, Disease outbreaks, Risk, Iran. 343 351 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-656-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal 0000-0002-3421-3974 No Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush 0000-0001-7019-569X No Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University Medical Science, Yazd, Iran Ramin Mazaheri Nezhad Fard 0000-0002-8429-3204 No Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzaneh Aminharati shahrood2005@yahoo.com 0000-0002-6020-123X Yes Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abbas Ali Dehghani Tafti 0000-0002-7040-4188 No Department of Health in Disaster and Emergency, School Public of health, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University Medical Science, Yazd, Iran Mehdi Yaseri m.yaseri@gmail.com No Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.