Journal of Nutrition and Food Security

en Food Intake Pattern and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Premature Coronary Artery Disease in Iran public specific orginal article <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: There is limited evidence regarding the risk factors and nutritional patterns in patients with premature coronary artery disease (PCAD). This study aims to investigate the relationship between different dietary patterns and risk factors in patients with PCAD. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on PCAD patients, including men younger than 55 years and women younger than 65 years, who underwent coronary angiography in the Angiography Department of the Shahid Mohamadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran. Anthropometric and clinical examination, demographic questionnaires, and containing dietary intake and physical activity questionnaires were filled for all participants. Results: The most prevalent risk factors for obstructive PCAD in the 65 selected patients were family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) (73%), hypertension (52%), and overweight/obesity (50%). Daily consumption of hydrogenated fats (P = 0.008) and high-fat milk (P < 0.001) were significantly higher in obstructive PCAD patients compared to non-obstructive and non-PCAD patients. Daily consumption of fruits was significantly higher in non-obstructive and <a name="_Hlk58667209">non-PCAD </a>patients compared to obstructive PCAD patients (P = 0.039). Conclusion: Family history of CAD, hypertension, and obesity were found to be the most common risk factors among obstructive PCAD patients.  According to the findings, increased consumption of high-fat milk and hydrogenated fats may increase the risk of PCAD, whereas, daily consumption of fruits may reduce the risk of PCAD.  </div> Coronary artery disease, Premature coronary artery disease, Risk factors, Dietary patterns 525 535 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-387-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Andisheh Norouzian Ostad 0000-0002-2343-8086 No Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran Zahra Dehnavi No Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran Hossein Farshidi No Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Ali Jafarzadeh Esfahani 0000-0002-4185-2694 No Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Soudabeh Behrooj 0000000327577726 No Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Teamur Aghamolaei 0000000225048014 No Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Abdoulhossain Madani No Research Center for Social Determinants on Health Promotion, School of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Roghayeh Ezati Rad 0000000331392417 No Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Farkhondeh Razmpour frazmpoor@gmail.com 0000-0001-6258-4759, Yes Assistant professor, Nutrition and Social Health Department, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran