Journal of Nutrition and Food Security

en Comparison of Nutrients' Intakes in Children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder public specific orginal article <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common chronic mental disorder among children. Children with ADHD may be at risk for a variety of nutrients' deficiencies. We aimed to assess the nutrients' intakes among ADHD children and compare them with the healthy ones. Methods: This was a hospital-based case-control survey over 120 ADHD as the cases and 240 non-ADHD children as the control participants aged 6-13 years. Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a validated semi quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The P-values were considered significant if they were < 0·05. Results: Energy: 2812.2 ± 1029.9 kcal/day vs. 3136.4 ± 1360.3 kcal/day, P = 0.001), fat: 78.3 ± 28.8 g/day vs. 87.2 ± 44.9 g/day, P > 0.001), and carbohydrate: 436.8 ± 192.6 g/day vs. 479.9 ± 244.2 g/day, P = 0.009) intakes were significantly lower in ADHD than healthy children. Similarly, consumption of calcium: 968.5 ± 358.3 mg/day vs. 1055.7 ± 453.4 mg/day, P = 0.03) and magnesium: 363.1 ± 173.9 mg/day vs. 411.9 ± 220.8 mg/day, P = 0.01) were significantly lower in the cases than control group. However, intakes of thiamin: 34.4±18.8 mg/day vs. 40.4 ± 25.6 mg/day, P = 0.002), riboflavin: 1.99 ± 0.76 mg/day vs. 2.21 ± 0.95 mg/day, P = 0.01), niacin: 24.9 ± 10.6 mg/day vs. 27.5 ± 13.2 mg/day, P = 0.01), and vitamin B5: 6.85 ± 3.35 mg/day vs. 7.49 ± 3.84 mg/day, P = 0.02) were significantly lower in the case than control group. Conclusion: Children with ADHD consumed significantly lower quantities of energy, macronutrients, calcium, magnesium, B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5), and vitamin C compared with the healthy children.  </div> Nutrients, Dietary assessment, Nutritional status, ADHD, Children 132 140 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-150-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Elham Shareghfarid 0000-0002-8612-0526 No Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi sangsefidi.zsadat@gmail.com 0000-0001-8185-4558 No Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh 0000-0001-7482-2494 No Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Amin Salehi-Abargouei 0000-0002-7580-6717 Yes Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad Mohammadi No Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.