en public specific orginal article <div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Increased adoption of dairy cows is a significant factor in lowering food insecurity, but in northern Ethiopia, it is still overlooked. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the impact of adapting improved dairy cows on smallholders&#39; food security in Northern Ethiopia. <b>Methods</b>: This study used a total of 360 sample households, of which 176 and 184 were adopters and non-adopters, respectively. An Endogenous Switching Regression approach was used to address the potential selection biases of improved dairy cow adoption. Besides, the food security status for the adopters and the non-adopters was estimated using a Foster-Greer-Thorbecke index approach. <b>Results:</b> The results indicated that compared to the non-adopters, adopters had an increased calorie intake of 3.89%, and dietary diversity was increased by 10.5%. Moreover, compared to the adopters, food insecurity among the non-adopters was more prevalent and severe, with a higher gap in all Foster-Greer-Thorbecke index. <b>Conclusions:</b> Notably,<a name="_Hlk180579626"> this study calls upon policymakers to focus on the dissemination of improved dairy technologies within rural areas of Northern Ethiopia as a strategic intervention for addressing food insecurity. </a></span></span></span></div> Food security, Calorie intake, Dietary diversity, Cow adoption. 356 363 http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1073-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Shishay Kahsay Fateme Sadeghi-Nodoushan 0000-0002-7933-7612 No Department of Agricultural Economics, Adigrat University, Ethiopia; 2 Department of Economics, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Kidanemariam Gebrehiwot Fateme Sadeghi-Nodoushan 0000-0002-6397-4916 No Department of Agricultural Economics, Adigrat University, Ethiopia; 2 Department of Economics, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Muuz Hadush 0000-0002-4854-7617 No Department of Agricultural Economics, Adigrat University, Ethiopia; 2 Department of Economics, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Alem Hailu 0000-0003-3745-0796 No Department of Agricultural Economics, Adigrat University, Ethiopia; 2 Department of Economics, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Ali Tefera 0009-0008-5246-5607 Yes Department of Agricultural Economics, Adigrat University, Ethiopia; 2 Department of Economics, Mekelle University, Ethiopia